Neda Mansouri; hassan zaki dizaji; Mohammad Javad Sheikhdavoodi; Abbas Asakereh
Abstract
Sugarcane, a perennial plant, has been cultivated in Khuzestan province, Iran, for a long time. Sugarcane seeds and stems (whole stalk or billet), both, are used for propagation, but stems planting is primary method of cultivation for sugar production purposes. Costs of sugarcane planting in Khuzestan ...
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Sugarcane, a perennial plant, has been cultivated in Khuzestan province, Iran, for a long time. Sugarcane seeds and stems (whole stalk or billet), both, are used for propagation, but stems planting is primary method of cultivation for sugar production purposes. Costs of sugarcane planting in Khuzestan differ when different planting methods are practiced. This study was conducted to find out proper planting methods for Khuzestan’s conditions. To achieve the aims, various parameters were checked, then influencing variables were determined; experiments were carried out in Hakim agro-industrial farms, in 2016 . The following topics were considered: costs indices, billet burial quality, factors affecting field capacity, numbers of tractor coming and going on the farms, and finally ergonomic issues. Indicators were summarized as much as possible by merging into each other or turning. Factors weighting were done, using expert discretions and AHP to indicate the importance of each indicator. Integration of relative weights by multiplying the relative weight of each indicator on the above parameters was carried out and also consistency index was calculated by ratio of incompatibility and random index. In next step, by selecting factors and AHP, three planting methods were compered using Expert Choice software: conventional manual method, semi-mechanized planting method (by cutter planter), and mechanized planting method (by automatic billet planter). Results showed that semi-mechanized planting method was optimal method due to minimum costs and maximum quality achieved in billet burial practice. Manual planting, in spite of achieving optimal way of planting compared with mechanized planting, received low advantages because of increasing in planting expenses.
Hassan ZakiDizaji
Abstract
In this research, the pneumatic planter made in karaj Tarashkade company and the driller made in Dezful sanatkaran company, was Compared and evaluated. The independent variables includes, the type of planter in two levels (row crop planter and driller), two types of seed bed (smooth bed and plowed land), ...
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In this research, the pneumatic planter made in karaj Tarashkade company and the driller made in Dezful sanatkaran company, was Compared and evaluated. The independent variables includes, the type of planter in two levels (row crop planter and driller), two types of seed bed (smooth bed and plowed land), three ground speed (3, 5 and 7 km/h), 4 seed type (tomato, onion, radish and lettuce). the dependent variables includes the seed’s lateral dispersion coefficient compared to the straight line, the seeds breakage percentage and the effect percentage metering devise on seed viability and, the rate of seed shedding per hectare. In this test, a statistical software program MSTATC and split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications was used. The results showed that: The optimal values for the rate of seeding per hectare Index is obtained (0.07 kg), seed’s lateral dispersion coefficient in the straight line is obtained (2.5 mm), percentage of seeds breakage and effect of the metering device on viability after passing the metering device is obtained (0%). Therefore with respect to the seed’s lateral dispersion coefficient compared to the straight line and the rate of seed shedding per hectare index, row crop planter is better than driller. With respect to the seeds breakage percentage index due to the mismatch of the cell's seed planters, row crop planter had more breakage than driller. With respect to the effect percentage metering devise on seed viability index, Were not significantly different between the two planters.
Elyas Dehghan; Mohammad - javad Sheikhdavoodi; Hassan Zaki-Dizaji; Abdolali Gilani
Abstract
High water consumption and the cost of labor in rice transplanting method is the reason for growing tendency of farmers to Dry-bed seeding of rice in Iran. High consumption of seed and inadequate specialized machines are the problems in rice dry-bed seeding. At present rice dry-bed seeding is done with ...
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High water consumption and the cost of labor in rice transplanting method is the reason for growing tendency of farmers to Dry-bed seeding of rice in Iran. High consumption of seed and inadequate specialized machines are the problems in rice dry-bed seeding. At present rice dry-bed seeding is done with traditional drill seeder with more than of 90 kg/ha seed consumption. While planting one seed in hole with a 20×20cm planting pattern in dry-bed seeding can reduce seed consumption to 5 kg/ha. This research was conducted for fabrication and laboratory evaluation a special seed plate for rice dry-bed direct seeding with pneumatic planter. Design parameters of Seed plate were included six plate shapes and three seed hole diameters. Seed plate shapes included traditional plate without groove and five groove shapes on plate, including three trapezoidal grooves with wall angle of 30, 45 and 60 degrees and two semicircle grooves with the aperture opening 2 and 3mm and three seed hole diameters 1.2, 1.3 and 1.5mm at the three levels of vacuum pressure 40, 50 and 60 milibar compared in a completely randomized design in a factorial experiment with three replications. Indices were, seed number per hole, miss index, over index and precision of feeding index. The results showed that creating the groove on the seed plate resulted higher seed cell covering and reduced miss and over index. New grooved plates had higher precision of feeding and lower miss index than conventional seed plate. By increasing the vacuum pressure and the diameter of the seed hole, miss index decreased and over index and seed number per hole increased. By increasing the angle of the walls of the trapezoid grooves and aperture of the semicircle grooves miss index reduced and over index and seed number per hole increased. In general, the results of laboratory evaluation Showed that for direct seeding of rice in dry-bed condition with pneumatic planter, using the seed plate with trapezoidal groove wall angle of 45 degrees and a diameter of hole 1.2 mm and vacuum pressure 50 mbar were better than others.
